Ipconazole
The route and rate of degradation of ipconazole was investigated in a single soil with two appropriate radiolabelling positions (triazole and benzyl methylene positions). In addition, a rate of degradation study with a single radiolabelling position (triazole position) provided further appropriate route of degradation information in an additional three soils. A standard aerobic degradation study under non-sterile laboratory conditions at 20°C and pF2 led to ipconazole degrading to approximately 50% of its starting concentration after 230 days. Aerobic degradation led to the formation of a number of minor metabolites, none of which exceeded 5% AR at any sampling time. There was no difference in metabolites between the two different radiolabelling positions. The rate of degradation study using the triazole labelling position confirmed that there were no metabolites formed at or greater than 5% AR at any time. However, it was noted that quantification of metabolite KNF-317-M-1, which occurred in a chromatographic region called T4, had been found to be difficult due to generally low levels of this region, which was found to consist of at least 3 separate components. Quantification was only presented from a few sample times. However, the RMS considers that the zone T4 in general was not seen at levels which would trigger a groundwater assessment. Metabolites T3 and KNF-317-M-1 on some soils were seen to be increasing in concentration at the end of the studies at 20°C (max. T3 1.6% AR; max KNF-317-M-1 2.8%); in addition, KNF-317-M-11 was also seen to be increasing at the end of the study at 10°C (3.9% AR at the end of 10°C study, but had been as high as 4.7% AR in incubations at 20°C but declining at end). The RMS view of this is that the final concentrations of these metabolites were very low, certainly below 5%, and that these metabolites do not need to be assessed for groundwater contamination. It should be noted that in the tested soils, whilst the a.s. did not degrade below 50% at study end, metabolites were generally below 2.5% at study end and, in the RMS view, unlikely to exceed 5% over longer durations. However, it is recognised that due to the difference in persistence between lab and field studies, the route of degradation may not be fully defined. The RMS has found evidence from at least one Annex I listed substance of a similar situation, this being for metconazole, where degradation was slow in the laboratory studies, with no metabolites triggering further assessment, but demonstrating faster dissipation under field conditions. CO2 was found at a maximum of 4.3% AR at 120-122 days with the triazole label and 9.8% at 122 days with the benzyl methylene label, indicating potentially greater mineralisation of that carbon atom. However, mineralisation is still very low, indicative of the slow degradation under standard laboratory conditions. Unextracted residues at 120-122 days ranged between 14.2 33.2% AR; with little difference between the two radiolabelling positions. These unextracted residues were then further characterised for one of the soil types studied; a maximum of 3.7% AR was recovered in the fulvic acid fraction, 5.7% AR in the humic acid fraction and 5.4% AR remained as residue in the humin fraction.